253 research outputs found

    Contributions aux systÚmes répartis en environnements ubiquitaires : adaptation, sensibilité au contexte et tolérance aux fautes

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    D'annĂ©es en annĂ©es, nous observons l'arrivĂ©e sur le marche d'ordinateurs personnels de plus en plus petits pour des utilisateurs de plus en plus nombreux, ainsi des assistants personnels numĂ©riques et des objets dits connectĂ©s, en passant par les tĂ©lĂ©phones mobiles. Tous ces dispositifs tendent Ă  ĂȘtre interchangeables du point de vue des ressources en mĂ©moire, en calcul et en connectivitĂ© : par exemple, les tĂ©lĂ©phones mobiles sont devenus des Ă©quipements informatiques de moins en moins spĂ©cialisĂ©s ou de plus en plus universels et font dorĂ©navant office en la matiĂšre de portails d'accĂšs aux capteurs prĂ©sents dans l'environnement immĂ©diat de l'utilisateur. L'enjeu abordĂ© dans nos travaux est la construction de systĂšmes rĂ©partis incluant ces nouveaux dispositifs matĂ©riels. L'objectif de mes recherches est la conception des paradigmes d'intermĂ©diation gĂ©nĂ©riques sous-jacents aux applications rĂ©parties de plus en plus ubiquitaires. Plus particuliĂšrement, la problĂ©matique gĂ©nĂ©rale de mes travaux est la dĂ©finition du rĂŽle des intergiciels dans l'intĂ©gration des dispositifs mobiles et des objets connectĂ©s dans les architectures logicielles rĂ©parties. Ces architectures logicielles reposaient trĂšs majoritairement sur des infrastructures logicielles fixes au dĂ©but des travaux prĂ©sentĂ©s dans ce manuscrit. Dans ce manuscrit, je dĂ©cris mes travaux sur trois sujets : 1) l'adaptation des applications rĂ©parties pour la continuitĂ© de service pendant les dĂ©connexions, 2) la gestion des informations du contexte d'exĂ©cution des applications rĂ©parties pour leur sensibilitĂ© au contexte, et 3) les mĂ©canismes de dĂ©tection des entraves dans les environnements fortement dynamiques tels que ceux construits avec des rĂ©seaux mobiles spontanĂ©s. Sur le premier sujet, nous fournissons une couche intergicielle gĂ©nĂ©rique pour la gestion des aspects rĂ©partis de la gestion des dĂ©connexions en utilisant une stratĂ©gie d'adaptation collaborative dans les architectures Ă  base d'objets et de composants. Sur le deuxiĂšme sujet, nous Ă©tudions les paradigmes architecturaux pour la construction d'un service de gestion de contexte gĂ©nĂ©rique, afin d'adresser la diversitĂ© des traitements (fusion et agrĂ©gation, corrĂ©lation, dĂ©tection de situation par apprentissage, etc.), puis nous adressons le problĂšme de la distribution des informations de contexte aux diffĂ©rentes Ă©chelles de l'Internet des objets. Enfin, sur le troisiĂšme sujet, nous commençons par la dĂ©tection des modes de fonctionnement pour l'adaptation aux dĂ©connexions afin de faire la diffĂ©rence, lorsque cela est possible, entre une dĂ©connexion et une dĂ©faillance, et ensuite nous spĂ©cifions et construisons un service de gestion de groupe partitionnable. Ce service est assez fort pour interdire la construction de partitions ne correspondant pas Ă  la rĂ©alitĂ© de l'environnement Ă  un instant donnĂ© et est assez faible pour ĂȘtre mis en oeuvre algorithmiquemen

    Software Architecture Patterns for a Context-Processing Middleware Framework

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    International audienceUbiquitous applications are characterised by variations of their execution context. Their correct operation requires some continual adaptations based on the observation of their execution context. The design and the implementation of these observation policies is then the cornerstone of any ubiquitous applications. In this article, we propose COSMOS which is a framework for the principled specification and composition of context observation policies. With COSMOS, these policies are decomposed into fine-grained units called \emph{context nodes} implemented as software components. These units perform basic context-related operations (\emph{e.g.}, gathering data from a system or network probe, computing threshold or average values) and are assembled with a set of well-identified architectural design patterns. In this article, COSMOS is motivated and illustrated with an example from the domain of mobile e-commerce applications

    COSMOS : composition de noeuds de contexte

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    National audienceLes applications ubiquitaires évoluent dans une grande diversité de contextes d'utilisation. Or, cette diversité requiert une adaptation continuelle afin de préserver le bon fonctionnement des applications. DÚs lors, l'observation du contexte joue un rÎle prépondérant. Si les approches actuelles « centrée utilisateur » et « systÚme » ont prouvé leur pertinence dans ce domaine, elles souffrent néanmoins de certaines limitations liées à l'expressivité des compositions des inférences et au passage à l'échelle. Par conséquent, nous proposons de réorganiser les fonctionnalités traditionnelles d'un gestionnaire de contexte de maniÚre systématique en cycles « collecte / interprétation / identification de situations ». Cette approche repose sur la définition du concept de noeuds de contexte composés dans un graphe (hiérarchie avec partage), et l'expression du concept en composant et architecture logicielle pour faciliter la définition et la gestion des politiques de gestion de contexte

    Enabling Context-Aware Web Services: A Middleware Approach for Ubiquitous Environments

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    In ubiquitous environments, mobile applications should sense and react to environmental changes to provide a better user experience. In order to deal with these concerns, Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) provide a solution allowing applications to interact with the services available in their surroundings. In particular, context-aware Web Services can adapt their behavior considering the user context. However, the limited resources of mobile devices restrict the adaptation degree. Furthermore, the diverse nature of context information makes diïŹƒcult its retrieval, processing and distribution. To tackle these challenges, we present the CAPPUCINO platform for executing context-aware Web Services in ubiquitous environments. In particular, in this chapter we focus on the middleware part that is built as an autonomic control loop that deals with dynamic adaptation. In this autonomic loop we use FraSCAti, an implementation of the Service Component Architecture (SCA) speciïŹcation, as the execution kernel for Web Services. The context distribution is achieved with SPACES, a ïŹ‚exible solution based on REST (REpresentational State Transfer ) principles and beneïŹting from the COSMOS (COntext entitieS coMpositiOn and Sharing ) context manage- ment framework. The application of our platform is illustrated with a mobile commerce application scenario that combines context-aware Web Services and social networks

    Mastering interactions with Internet of Things platforms through the IoTVar middleware

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    International audienceThe rising popularity of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to a plethora of highly heterogeneous, geographically dispersed devices. In recent years, IoT platforms have been used to provide a variety of services to applications such as device discovery, context management, and data analysis. However, the lack of standardization currently means that each IoT platform comes with its own abstractions, APIs, and interactions. As a consequence, programming the interactions between an application and an IoT platform is often time consuming, error prone, and depends on the developers' level of knowledge about the IoT platform. To address these issues, we propose offering to application developers on the client side the possibility to declare variables that are automatically mapped to sensors and whose values are transparently updated with sensor observations. For this purpose, we introduce IoTVar, a middleware between IoT applications and platforms. In IoTVar, all the necessary interactions with IoT platforms are managed by proxies. This paper presents IoTVar integrated with the FIWARE platform, which is used for developing IoT Future Internet applications. We also report results of some experiments performed to evaluate IoTVar, showing IoTVar reduces the effort required to declare and manage IoT variables and its impact in terms of CPU, memory, and energy

    OSIF: A Framework To Instrument, Validate, and Analyze Simulations

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    International audienceIn most existing simulators, the outputs of a simulation run consist either in a simulat ion report generated at the end of the run and summarizing the statistics of interest, or in a (set of) trace file(s) containing raw data samples produced and saved regularly during the run, for later post-processing. In this paper, we address issues related to the management of these data and their on-line processing, such as: (i)~the instrumentation code is mixed in the modeling code; (ii)~the amount of data to be stored may be enormous, and often, a significant part of these data are useless while their collect may consume a significant amount of the computing resources; and (iii)~it is difficult to have confidence in the treatment applied to the data and then make comparisons between studies since each user (model developer) builds its own ad-hoc instrumentation and data processing. In this paper, we propose OSIF, a new component-based instrumentation framework designed to solve the above mentioned issues. OSIF is based on several mature software engineering techniques and frameworks, such as COSMOS, Fractal and its ADL, and AOP

    The SYZ conjecture via homological mirror symmetry

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    These are expository notes based on a talk given at the Superschool on derived categories and D-branes at University of Alberta in July of 2016. The goal of these notes is to give a motivated introduction to the Strominger-Yau-Zaslow (SYZ) conjecture from the point of view of homological mirror symmetry.Comment: Contribution to the proceedings of the Superschool on derived categories and D-brane

    Enabling Context-Aware Web Services: A Middleware Approach for Ubiquitous Environments

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    In ubiquitous environments, mobile applications should sense and react to environmental changes to provide a better user experience. In order to deal with these concerns, Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) provide a solution allowing applications to interact with the services available in their surroundings. In particular, context-aware Web Services can adapt their behavior considering the user context. However, the limited resources of mobile devices restrict the adaptation degree. Furthermore, the diverse nature of context information makes diïŹƒcult its retrieval, processing and distribution. To tackle these challenges, we present the CAPPUCINO platform for executing context-aware Web Services in ubiquitous environments. In particular, in this chapter we focus on the middleware part that is built as an autonomic control loop that deals with dynamic adaptation. In this autonomic loop we use FraSCAti, an implementation of the Service Component Architecture (SCA) speciïŹcation, as the execution kernel for Web Services. The context distribution is achieved with SPACES, a ïŹ‚exible solution based on REST (REpresentational State Transfer ) principles and beneïŹting from the COSMOS (COntext entitieS coMpositiOn and Sharing ) context manage- ment framework. The application of our platform is illustrated with a mobile commerce application scenario that combines context-aware Web Services and social networks

    Gestion de contexte multi-Ă©chelle pour l'Internet des objets

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    Cet article présente une architecture logicielle de gestion de contexte multi-échelle pour l'Internet des objets. Nous présentons d'abord quelques défis spécifiques auxquels est confrontée cette nouvelle génération d'intergiciels, tels que la communication répartie en modes push et pull, la sensibilité multi-échelle, et la réponse à des exigences et des garanties de qualité de l'information de contexte et de respect de la vie privée. Nous donnons ensuite la vision du projet INCOME pour répondre à ces défis en fournissant une infrastructure répartie de gestion de contexte et en assurant son déploiement de maniÚre autonomique
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